Sailing and wind

What is a gybe (jibe), and why can it be dangerous?

boom slams across
Direct answer
Gybe (jibe)

A gybe—spelled jibe in American usage—is a sailing maneuver in which the stern passes through the wind and the sails fill on the opposite side, changing the vessel’s tack.

Also called: jibe (US)

How it works

Unlike a tack, the mainsail can remain powered as the vessel turns downwind. The boom and mainsheet may therefore cross the boat quickly and with substantial force.

A deliberate gybe demands communication, a clear cockpit, and boat-specific sail handling. An accidental gybe can seriously injure crew or damage the rig; never treat a short generic web checklist as a substitute for competent practical instruction.

Bow through versus stern through

The easiest distinction is geometric. In a tack, the bow crosses the eye of the wind and the sails briefly luff. In a gybe, the stern crosses the wind while the mainsail transfers through a much larger arc.

On the water

  • A boat changes from one broad reach to the other by gybing.
  • A small course wobble while running can trigger an accidental gybe.
  • The crew keeps heads and bodies clear of the boom and loaded mainsheet.

Common mistake

Turning the bow through the wind is a tack, not a gybe. Calling the gybe merely a downwind tack hides the much more forceful boom movement.

Remember it

Tack: BOW through. Gybe: STERN through.